Wednesday, March 29, 2006

My monthly income

Salary

R2500 zar or $389.41

This is for seven days a week one day off and 12hrs nightshift

Rent : 1500.00 ( $233.64 )
Transport: R217 ( $33.80 )
Total: R1717 ( $237.45 )

This excludes food and others.

Balance R783.00 ( $121.96 )

Fwd: Invitation To France

---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: Lal Wittwer de Chiloe <lalchiloe@gmail.com>
Date: 23-Mar-2006 18:52
Subject: Invitation To France
To: mark farrell <markfarrellct@gmail.com>

Department Of Home Affairs Re Application For Passport For France
To whom it may concern I am inviting Mark Gavin Farrell Id. 640815 5102089 of 71 Fitzroy Street Goodwood Cape Town to my home town of Lal 371090 Viwllaines les Rochers France.
I have invited Mark for 6 months to be my guest in France and am part of the orginisation YOKECHENSHOL Expositions Traditionannelles de ABYA YALA. La Sauneray Mark has to pay for his half of the ticket and the orginisation will pay for the other half and provide accomodation during his stay.
Studying French and American First Nations, Mexican Ancient Civilisation. The spiritual and cultural aspects. He will also assit me during his stay with my books and will be well looked after by myself in France
This invitation takes place from June 2006
Yours Faithfully
Lal
Wettuuer de chiloe

Monday, March 27, 2006

Humanity

Humanity In The New Millennium
I am firstly most grateful for the gift of life and the virus which has enhanced my life. Many along the way of discovering that they are HIV+ fall along the way of life and just give up. I have been through many trials and tribulations and am grateful for every challenge that comes my way. The only way to accomplish your goals in life is through taking the bull by the horns and not just sitting back but been victorious and been able to pass on those valuable life skills onto others that are in need.
But where is the humanity today. If you are wealthy you can live a comfortable lifestyle and afford lawyers and medical care which others could never afford due to poverty or circumstances.
And it is sad that one notices that the poor get poorer and the rich get richer. We become so fickle in our ways and don't take the time to get to know each other from the inside. We are all different and come from such diverse cultures. But do we integrate our lifestyles with those who are from different cultures and the only way we can understand each other is by spending quality time with each other and reach out and understand that cultures definition of dignity and life.
Without taking the step forward and been active in that community one will never be able to understand and have a closed mind. We need to open our minds to the diverse cultures and make all feel welcome and share the coping tools we have learnt from others and encourage implementation of them.
There are many HIV+ guys like myself who fighting for dignity and have the skills to motivate others and are willing to spend quality time in a community and empower them with skills. In return we learn from them and empower ourselves with wisdom and appreciation for their lifestyle.
I am really saddened by my personal battle but when your employers have lost humanity within themselves and people just watch you drown, then I ask where is the humanity?
No matter the dire situation I am currently in and that the downside is that I am in pain from my teeth and cant see too well. This is all worth it!
I humble myself before all mankind and will always be available and a servant to all those affected and infected by the HIV/AIDS pandemic
My wish is that you will do the same, never let the virus control your spirit. Live a strong and healthy life.Don't be afraid of disappointments because that is just part of life.
You have the strength to overcome all.
My spirit will never die and I will never surrender
Let us join hands and make it happen and look after those who are less fortunate
Mark Farrell
Pos4ife
Living for all people who are HIV+

Sunday, March 26, 2006

My Mission In Life Is To Motivate

My mission in life is to motivate all those that are either infected and affected by HIV/AIDS. To share with them the wisdom and coping mechanisms I have acquired through the past 13yrs of been positive.

To empower and overcome fears and inhibitions. To improve not just the physical quality but the spiritual as well. To bring communities together as one that they may integrate and enrich each other.

There are so many ways that we can enhance each other and I have those skills to share.

Mark Farrell

Gay.com Plea just posted

I have just posted this on gay.com out of desparation
New Topic Go to Top Go to Topic Search
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A desparate plea for help from Cape Town South Africa
Author: mark farrell
Today at 10:30pm
Hi there my name is Mark Farrell and I am 41yrs old and have survived the virus for over 13yrs now. I really dont know where to start. I write this with all hunility and the little dignity that I have as what I am going to tell you is true and factual and due to my health I am making this public in the hope that someone out there may help me regain my dignity and respect.I have dedicated my life to all those affected and infected for over 10yrs and started recording my life's journey through a book called The Rose Of Life which is based on my life's work of poetry, philosphy and other entries. to provide real images via the pen of the suffering and the good times that i have been through.It provides guidlines and coping mechanisms to those that might find themselves in the same position that I once was and by implementing them in their lives live a healthier life and overcome thier problems and enhance their lives and in return can do the same for others.I was the first to start free internet radio staion via lycos and chat lines for people who where infected by the virus. But due to time and the job I had and old computer I could not always complete my dream.But this is not why I am wrting about, its about what I have been through the last 11 years of employment, the loss of my partner and my assets due to total contempt for the labour law here in south africa. I have tried south african1.Radio Stations2.TV Stations3.Oposition Party Leader in our Parliment4.National goverment labour 5.National magazines and newspapersEven though I have publicly made my plight known, none came to my aid. Its disgusting because its just not myself but the others that have been affected that are hiv neg which are my collegues.But what f***s me off the most is the loss of my life partner due to all the stress and to cope with all of this. I am so furious that it seems that I will have to stand outside our National Govement with a placard to draw attention My personal blog site is at http://uk.gay.com/boards/redirect.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Ftheroseoflife.blogspot.com pls if u read this start at the earliest archive in 2005.There has to be someone out there that can retore a person's dignity and repspect.Just to give you a brief I have just recoverd from HIV/AIDS Stage III due to my employers disregard for my life and rights I worked for more than 8 years 15hrs a day and mostly nightshift and sometimes 36hrs. At that time I thought that because I was HIV+ no one would employ me, so I suffered quietly and no matter how sick I was I remained faithfull. No matter how money he took from my wages even though he new what my financial situation was, I could not pay for my ARV'S I had to find sponsors who then bailed out and so.I worked with bells palsy and another infection in great pain and that who I was and am, I dont let HIV rule me and tried to set an example that you can survive and come out on tops. But I was never rewarded but abused. My manager one day in a drunk stupor hit me and kicked me to the ground infront of staff, humliated me and I just had to take it. This is the sort of people I worked for.After 8 years of worked we all where told to leave without pay or retrenchment and this is after one of the most senior partners promised me that he would change things and that i should not resign. I remained loyal and kept to my post until they closed on the 22nd August 2005. They left us with nothing. I followed our goverment procedures and fought for what was due but the boss asked me to hold out or we would get nothing. I new that he would not answer the phone or recieve registered mail on purpose to avoid prosecution and I warned our authorities about this and they did nothing.When it was too late, my boss could not be found. My life partner at that stage was ill and I had to attend to him and inform him that there was no money. I had to sell my personal things that I had worked for years for all lost and gone For three weeks I sacrificed food for my partner and this sending emails of urgency to inform his family of our situation and his medical condition been hiv+ as well. I managed to get a job for 2500zar and the rent was 3700zar and I was trying to sell things to make the rent buy food and so on. For three weeks I fed, bathed him, carried him and dried him. He told me that he was a burden to me..its so sad really, I was an living example to him to fight for life but... the stress just grew t much and every day I started work at 6pm and got home early in the moring at 6am I had to see to him. Thats what a life partnership is all about. He started to loose all interest in life and I saw that, I rushed him to hospital several times but they sent him home and he did not go to his appointments. Then on the 26th Of September 2005 at 6.30am I got home to find him in the bathroom naked and telling me that the curtains where open and they where closed and that he was dying and pls to hold him I called for help as his body temp was 27 deg c and I could not get blood pressure I called the ambulance and told them that he was going to have a stroke and that he could die. they said we have no ambulances I started calling people by phone including the hosptial my doctor and friends for help. My neighbour was assisting me. Then at 9am the ambualnce had still not arrived my hiv doc sent the firebrigade which only arrived 30min later. But in the mean time i was speaking to my current boss and i said robert was dying and he said to me mark he is not. robert called out to me and said hold me and i held him he looked at me and i said the ambulance is on the way and that i love him and he must try and hold on, but he had a stroke and died while looking in my arms and the phone still attached to my ear.My boss heard all of that but the next day bitched me for not telling his partner and so on. On the day of his funeral I had to leave straight from nightshift to the funeral and did not even have the time to mourn..and I still have not...I have not even followed his last wish and that was to take his ashes back to London and through him over the Thames. Everything I have said here can be confirmed by his past life partner in London if anyone wishes to verify what I have said and which is on my personal blog.My healt is failing and I am loosing all faith in humanity and the law. But, guys through all of this I cant give up the fight for diginty, respect and integrity... I cant work in this country or fufull my dream to complete my book to share my lifes skills in schools and empower others with understanding and acceptance of all cutlures who are living with the pandemic. To live a life full of dignity and respect.There has to be some instituion that can help me help educate and share the coping mechanisms that I have implemented not just in my life but in many others. To be able to share and empower the gifts which I have to the benifit of all.Furthermore I am lost for words.My south african mobile number is +27 76 280 2833my email address is markfarrellct-at-gmail-dot-comIf you are from the UK I will supply you the contact information for verificationThank you guys for reading this. I have faith in you and in humanityMark FarrellThe Rose Of LifePos4lifePeace and long life to all those affected and infected by the pandemic

Saturday, March 25, 2006

Medical needs if u can help

Dear brothers and sisters,

Once again I ask for assistance due to my circrumstances I cant afford to have an operation to remove all my damaged and rotting teeth and new glasses.

I am in alot of pain due to the rapid decay of my teeth with is a preexcisting condition from long term use of hiv related medication and one of the side effects was calcium in the teeth. I am not able to see properly as I have old glasses which cut into my face and bleeds and I struggle to focus most of the time.

This all due to the financial strain which I have been left in by my previous employer and please if your wish to read my archives scroll down to the first entry in 2005 and read on from there and you will see for yourself.

I cant justifyl why the south african goverment has allowed this injustice to continue.

On another note I have been back to the Department Of Labour and have been told to go to the Reciever Of Revenue again and get proof in writing that Phil Buchler had paid the UIF. This I provided last year but was told that he had to do it and was turned away.

I am just so tired and stressed guys, this has battle that I am fighting must not be in vain but for all those whom worked with me. I cant let one death due to stress go unnoticed and dignity restored to all of us.

Once again my mobile number is 076 280 2833
International *27 76 280 2833

I really do need you help

Mark Farrell

Wednesday, March 22, 2006

Integrity

As an integral part of our life we should per sue integrity, honesty, respect and wisdom. But, alas, I have seen non of these with my two previous employers. It is sad that you think that you can live a life of deception and deceit and think it will not impact on others lives.

The due harm and pain inflicted on those whom cross your path and do not pursue justice, fade into the night.

I have refused to allow this to happen and on principle and my own sanity, I have taken it upon myself to fight these contemptuous employers who just seem to do as they please as in a dictatorship without fear.

They do this as those whom they employ are afraid of where the next loaf of bread is coming from. So they overlook and accept the fate of unhappiness and their own self esteem sinks even lower. As they now think that justice will not be served and the whole affair or process takes so long that it will not put the next meal on the table.

It shames me so, too this travesty occur time and time again. There is no price on death, hunger, crying babies, malnutrition and so on.

No amount of money can replace the dignity of such family's and individuals who have gone through the darkest hour.

Insomuch I even gave up hope of anything been resolved and to get closure and compensation from my previous employer not just for myself but for all the others that have worked with me and not the current situation those who work for me.

I trust that this time around justice and compensation will be due and the defaulters will be brought to justice and finally closure.

Then those who wish to abuse the law will see that they will be punished

Mark Farrell

Saturday, March 18, 2006

Why did you make your plight public?

Many have asked me why have I published my plight? As a man of integrity, honesty and a citizen of the Republic Of South Africa, I expect all companies to abide by the law in all its forms by not doing so and causing great harm they are showing contempt for the very constitution that protects us.

In my case and my ex colleagues and current ones this is definitely the case. We have too many employers in small business that get away with breaking the law. The CCMA and Labour procedures are long and lengthy. They use this to their advantage and know that it will take long for them to be caught. Opening the door for abuse of the system and the laws that are in place.

To be humiliated and degraded and to loose most of your possessions and to even go hungry because of your employers disregard and contempt of the law is a disgrace! I am not just fighting for myself but for the many others that might find themselves in the same position and if you read all the entries from the very start you will see what I have gone through personally and the results that have led up to me going public on a crusade for justice.

The outcome of this will benefit all those who are similar positions and will give them the strength to stand up and report directly to the labour department. We can make a better south africa without such blatant contempt of the law by employers.

This is my answer to the question raised

Regards
Mark Farrell

Update

I am sorry about the last two posts but they are important so that all can see what the labour law is all about. But if you can help me pls contact me on 0733476919.

None of the previous labour or ccma requirements have been met and I do need legal assistance

PLEASE HELP ME IF YOU CAN

Mark Farrell

Labour law = agreements and hiv good practice

Entered Into Between :
(herein after referred to as "the employer")
Name &
Address of employer:







and
(herein after referred to as "the employee")
Name &
Address of employee:







1. Commencement
This contract will begin on _____________and continue until terminated as set out in clause 4.

2. Place of work _____________

3. Job description
Job Title _____________

Duties












4. Termination of employment (See Guidelines 1 and 2)
Termination of this contract will be_____________weeks. Notice must be given in writing. In the case where an employee is illiterate notice may be given by that employee verbally.
The parties agree that on termination of the contract of employment, the employer shall furnish the employee with a certificate of service and the UIF card.

5. Wage(See Guidelines 3 and 4)
5.1 The employees wage shall be paid in cash on the last working day of every week/month and shall be:R_____________
5.2The employee shall be entitled to the following allowances/payment in kind:R_____________
5.2.1A weekly/monthly transport allowance ofR_____________
5.3The total value of the above remuneration shall beR_____________

(The total of clauses 5.1 to 5.2.3)

(Modify or delete clauses 5.2.1 to 5.2.3 as needed)

5.4 The employer shall review the employee's salary/wages once a month.

6. Hours of work (See Guidelines 5)
6.1 Normal working hours will be from_____________a.m. to_____________p.m. on Mondays to Fridays and from _____________a.m. to_____________p.m. on Saturdays.
6.2 Overtime will only be worked if agreed to between the parties, from time to time.
6.3 The employee will be paid for overtime at the rate of one and a half times his/her total wage as set out in clause 5.3.

7. Meal Intervals (See Guideline 6)
The employee agrees to a lunch break of one hour/30 minutes(delete the one that not applicable). Lunchtime will be taken from_____________ to_____________daily.

8. Sunday work (See guideline 7)
Any work on Sundays will be by agreement between the parties from time to time. If the employee works on a Sunday he/she shall be paid double wage for each hour worked as in 5.3.

9. Public Holidays
(See Guideline 8)
The employee will be entitled to all official holidays on full pay.
If an employee does not work on a public holiday, he/she shall receive normal payment for that day.
If the employee works on a public holiday he/she shall be paid double.

10. Annual Leave (See Guideline 9).
10.1. The employee is entitled to_____________days paid leave after every 12 months of continuous service. Such leave is to be taken at times convenient to the employer and the employer may require the employee to take his/her leave at such times as coincide with that of the employer.

11. Sick leave (See Guidelines 10).
11.1 During every leave cycle of 36 months the employee will be entitled to an amount of paid sick leave equal to the number of days the employee would normally work during a period of six weeks.
11.2 During the first six months of employment the employee will be entitled to one day's paid sick leave for every 26 days worked.
11.3 The employee is to notify the employer as soon as possible in case of his/her absence from work through illness.

12. Maternity leave (See guidelines 11)
(Tick the applicable clauses in the space provided).
12.1 The employee will be entitled to_____________days maternity leave without pay; or
12.2 The employee will be entitled to_____________days maternity leave
on _____________pay.

13. Family responsibility leave (See Guideline 12)
The employee will be entitled to three days family responsibility leave during each leave cycle.

14 Deductions from remuneration (See Guideline 13).
The employer may not deduct any monies from the employee's wage unless the employee has agreed to this in writing on each occasion.

15. Other conditions of employment or benefits






















16. General
Any changes to this agreement will only be valid if they are in writing and have been agreed to and signed by both parties.
THUS DONE AND SIGNED AT _____________ ON THIS _____________ DAY OF_____________20_____________
EMPLOYEE

___________________
EMPLOYER

___________________


Witnesses:

___________________

___________________


GUIDELINES.

1. Notice period and termination of employment.
In terms of the Basic Conditions of Employment Act, any party to an employment contract must give to the other written notice of termination as follows:
One week, if employed for four weeks or less;
Two weeks if employed for more than four weeks but less than one year; and
Four weeks if employed for one year or more.

2. Procedure for termination of employment.
Whilst the contract of employment makes provision for termination of employment, it must be understood that the services of an employee may not be terminated unless a valid and fair reason exists and fair procedure is followed. If an employee is dismissed without a valid reason or without a fair procedure, the employee may approach the CCMA for assistance.
Pro-rata leave and severance pay might be payable. In the event of an employee being unable to return to work due to disability, the employer must investigate the nature of the disability and ascertain whether or not it is permanent or temporary. The employer must try to accommodate the employee as far as possible, for example, amending or adapting their duties to suit the disability. However, in the event of it not being possible for the employer to adapt the employee and/or to find alternatives, then such employer may terminate the services of the employee.
The Labour Relations Act, 66 0f 1995, sets out the procedures to be followed at the termination of services in the Code of Good Practice, in Schedule 8

3. Wage/remuneration/Payment
There is no prescribed minimum rate of remuneration. Additional payments (such as for overtime or work on Sundays or Public Holidays) are calculated from the total remuneration as indicated in clause 5.3 of the contract.

4. Transport allowances, bonuses, increases
These are not regulated by the Basic Conditions of Employment Act and are therefore open to negotiation between the parties.

5. Hours of work

5.1 Normal hours (excluding overtime)
An employee may not be made to:
Work more than 45 hours a week;
Work more than nine hours per day for a five day work week;
Work more than eight hours a day for a six day work week; and

5.2 Overtime

An employee may not work more than three hours of overtime per day or 10 hours per week. Overtime must be paid at 1.5 times the employee's normal wage or an employee may

5.3 Daily and weekly rest periods

5.3.1 A daily rest period of 12 consecutive hours and a weekly rest period of 36 consecutive hours, which must include Sunday, unless otherwise agreed, must be allowed.

6. Meal intervals
An employee is entitled to a one-hour break for a meal after not more than five hours work. Such interval may be reduced to 30 minutes, by agreement between the parties. If required or permitted to work during this period, remuneration must be paid.

7. Sunday work
Work on Sundays is voluntary and an employee can therefore not be forced to work on a Sunday. If the employee works on a Sunday he/she shall be paid double the daily wage. If the employee ordinarily works on a Sunday he/she shall be paid one and one-half time the wage for every hour worked.
8. Public Holidays

The days mentioned in the Public Holidays Act must be granted but the parties can agree to further public holidays. Work on a public holiday is entirely voluntary and an employee may not be forced to work on such public holiday.
The official public holidays are:
New Years Day Youth Day Human Rights Day National Women's Day Good Friday Heritage Day Family Day Day of Reconciliation Freedom Day Christmas Day Worker's Day Day of Goodwill
Any other day declared an official public holiday from time to time should also be granted.
These days can be exchanged for any other day by agreement. If the employee works on a public holiday he/she shall be paid double the normal day's wage.

9. Annual leave
Annual leave may not be less than 21 consecutive days for full-time workers or by agreement, one day for every 17 days worked or one hour for every 17 hours worked. The leave must be granted not later than six months after completion of the period of 12 consecutive months of employment. The leave may not be granted concurrent with any period of sick leave, nor with a period of notice of termination of the contract of employment.

10. Sick leave
During every sick leave cycle of 36 months an employee is entitled to an amount of paid sick leave equal to the number of days the employee would normally work during a period of six weeks.
During the first six months of employment, an employee is entitled to one day's paid sick leave for every 26 days worked. The employer is not required to pay an employee if the employee has been absent from work for more than two consecutive days or on more than two occasions during an eight-week period and, on request by the employer, does not produce a medical certificate stating that the employee was unable to work for the duration of the employee's absence on account of sickness or injury.

11. Maternity leave

The employee is entitled to at least four consecutive months` maternity leave. The employer is not obliged to pay the employee for the period for which she is off work due to her pregnancy. However, the parties may agree that the employee will receive part of her entire salary/wages for the time that she is off due to pregnancy.

12. Family responsibility leave

Employees employed for longer than four months and for at least four days a week are entitled to take three days' paid family responsibility leave during each leave cycle when the employee's child is born, when the employee's child is sick or in the event of the death of the employee's spouse or life partner or parent, adoptive parent, grandparent, child, adopted child, grandchild or sibling.

13. Deduction from the remuneration
The Basic Conditions of Employment Act prohibits an employer from deducting any monies from the employee's wages without his/her written permission.

14. Other issues
There are certain other issues which are not regulated by the Basic Conditions of Employment Act such as probationary periods, right of entry to the employer's premises, afternoons-off, week-ends-off and pension schemes, medical aid schemes, training/school fees, funeral benefits and savings account. However, the aforementioned may be negotiated between the parties and included in the contract of employment.

15. Prohibition of Employment
The Basic Conditions of Employment Act prohibits employment of any person under the age of 15 and it is therefore important for an employer to verify the age of the employee by requesting a copy of the identity document or birth certificate.

16. Other Conditions of Employment
There is no provision, which prevents any other conditions of employment being included in a contract of employment but any provision which sets conditions which are less favorable than those set by the Act, would be invalid.

NB: These guidelines are not meant to be a complete summary of the Basic Conditions of Employment Act and/or legal advice. Should there be any doubt as to rights and/or obligations in terms of the Act or terms of any clause of the suggested Contract of Employment, such queries can be directed to the local office of the Department of Labour, who will gladly
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Code of good practice on Aspects of HIV/Aids Employment
Other Sections:
Code of good practice on Aspects of HIV/Aids Employment
Code of good practice on disability in the workplace
Code of good practice on Dismissals
Code of good practice on Operational Requirements
Code of good practice on Picketing
Code of good practice on Pregnancy & Afterbirth
Code of good practice on Sexual harassment
1. Introduction
1.1. The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) are serious public health problems which, have socio economic, employment and human rights implications.

1.2. It is recognised that the HIV/AIDS epidemic will affect every workplace, with prolonged staff illness, absenteeism, and death impacting on productivity, employee benefits, occupational health and safety, production costs and workplace morale.

1.3. HIV knows no social, gender, age or racial boundaries, but it is accepted that socio-economic circumstances do influence disease patterns. HIV thrives in an environment of poverty, rapid urbanisation, violence and destabilisation. Transmission is exacerbated by disparities in resources and patterns of migration from rural to urban areas. Women, particularly are more vulnerable to infection in cultures and economic circumstances where they have little control over their lives.

1.4. Furthermore HIV/AIDS is still a disease surrounded by ignorance, prejudice, discrimination and stigma. In the workplace unfair discrimination against people living with HIV and AIDS has been perpetuated through practices such as pre-employment HIV testing, dismissals for being HIV positive and the denial of employee benefits.

1.5. One of the most effective ways of reducing and managing the impact of HIV/AIDS in the workplace is through the implementation of an HIV/AIDS policy and programme. Addressing aspects of HIV/AIDS in the workplace will enable employers, trade unions and government to actively contribute towards local, national and international efforts to prevent and control HIV/AIDS. In light of this, the Code has been developed as a guide to employers, trade unions and employees.

1.6. Furthermore the Code seeks to assist with the attainment of the broader goals of:

    • eliminating unfair discrimination in the workplace based on HIV status;

    • promoting a non-discriminatory workplace in which people living with HIV or AIDS are able to be open about their HIV status without fear of stigma or rejection;

    • promoting appropriate and effective ways of managing HIV in the workplace;

    • creating a balance between the rights and responsibilities of all parties; and

    • giving effect to the regional obligations of the Republic as a member of the Southern African Development Community.

2. OBJECTIVES

2.1. The Code's primary objective is to set out guidelines for employers and trade unions to implement so as to ensure individuals with HIV infection are not unfairly discriminated against in the workplace. This includes provisions regarding:

(i) creating a non-discriminatory work environment;

(ii) dealing with HIV testing, confidentiality and disclosure;

(iii) providing equitable employee benefits;

(iv) dealing with dismissals; and

(v) managing grievance procedures.

2.2. The Code's secondary objective is to provide guidelines for employers, employees and trade unions on how to manage HIV/AIDS within the workplace. Since the HIV/AIDS epidemic impacts upon the workplace and individuals at a number of different levels, it requires a holistic response which takes all of these factors into account. The Code therefore includes principles, which are dealt with in more detail under the statutes listed in item 5.1., on the following:

(i) creating a safe working environment for all employers and employees;

(ii) developing procedures to manage occupational incidents and claims for compensation;

(iii) introducing measures to prevent the spread of HIV;

(iv) developing strategies to assess and reduce the impact of the epidemic upon the workplace; and

(v) supporting those individuals who are infected or affected by HIV/AIDS so that they may continue to work productively for as long as possible.

  1. In addition, the Code promotes the establishment of mechanisms to foster co-operation at the following levels :

    1. between employers, employees and trade unions in the workplace; and

    2. between the workplace and other stakeholders at a sectoral, local, provincial and national level.

3. POLICY PRINCIPLES

3.1. The promotion of equality and non-discrimination between individuals with HIV infection and those without, and between HIV/AIDS and other comparable health/medical conditions.

3.2. The creation of a supportive environment so that HIV infected employees are able to continue working under normal conditions in their current employment for as long as they are medically fit to do so.

3.3. The protection of human rights and dignity of people living with HIV or AIDS is essential to the prevention and control of HIV/AIDS.

3.4. HIV/AIDS impacts disproportionately on women and this should be taken into account in the development of workplace policies and programmes.

3.5 Consultation, inclusivity and encouraging full participation of all stakeholders are key principles which should underpin every HIV/AIDS policy and programme.

4. APPLICATION AND SCOPE

4.1. All employers and employees, and their respective organisations are encouraged to use this Code to develop, implement and refine their HIV/AIDS policies and programmes to suit the needs of their workplaces.

4.2. For the purposes of this code, the term "workplace" should be interpreted more broadly than the definition given in the Labour Relations Act, Act 66 of 1995, Section 213, to include the working environment of, amongst others, persons not necessarily in an employer-employee relationship, those working in the informal sector and the self-employed.

4.3. This Code however does not impose any legal obligation in addition to those in the Employment Equity Act and Labour Relations Act, or in any other legislation referred to in the Code. Failure to observe it does not, by itself, render an employer liable in any proceedings, except where the Code refers to obligations set out in law.

4.4. The Code should be read in conjunction with other codes of good practice that may be issued by the Minister of Labour.

5. LEGAL FRAMEWORK

5.1. The Code should be read in conjunction with the Constitution of South Africa Act, No. 108 of 1996, and all relevant Legislation which includes the following:

(i) Employment Equity Act, No. 55 of 1998;

(ii) Labour Relations Act, No. 66 of 1995;

(iii) Occupational Health and Safety Act, No. 85 of 1993;

(iv) Mine Health and Safety Act, No. 29 of 1996;

(v) Compensation for Occupational Injuries and Diseases Act, No. 130 of 1993;

(vi) Basic Conditions of Employment Act, No. 75 of 1997; and

(vii) Medical Schemes Act, No. 131 of 1998.

(viii) Promotion of Equality and Prevention of Unfair Discrimination Act, No. 4 of 2000.

5.2. The contents of this code should be taken into account when developing, implementing or reviewing any workplace policies or programmes in terms of the statutes listed above.

5.3. The following are selected, relevant sections contained in certain of the above-mentioned legislation. These should be read in conjunction with other legislative provisions.

5.3.1. The Code is issued in terms of Section 54(1)(a) of the Employment Equity Act, No 55 of 1998 and is based on the principle that no person may be unfairly discriminated against on the basis of their HIV status. In order to assist employers and employees to apply this principle consistently in the workplace, the Code makes reference to other pieces of legislation.

5.3.2. Section 6(1) of the Employment Equity Act provides that no person may unfairly discriminate against an employee, or an applicant for employment, in any employment policy or practice, on the basis of his or her HIV status. In any legal proceedings in which it is alleged that any employer has discriminated unfairly, the employer must prove that any discrimination or differentiation was fair.

5.3.3. No employee, or applicant for employment, may be required by their employer to undergo an HIV test in order to ascertain their HIV status. HIV testing by or on behalf of an employer may only take place where the Labour Court has declared such testing to be justifiable in accordance with Section 7(2) of the Employment Equity Act.

5.3.4. In accordance with Section 187(1)(f) of the Labour Relations Act, No. 66 of 1995, an employee with HIV/AIDS may not be dismissed simply because he or she is HIV positive or has AIDS. However where there are valid reasons related to their capacity to continue working and fair procedures have been followed, their services may be terminated in accordance with Section 188(1)(a)(i).

5.3.5. In terms of Section 8(1) of the Occupational Health and Safety Act, No. 85 of 1993; an employer is obliged to provide, as far as is reasonably practicable, a safe workplace. This may include ensuring that the risk of occupational exposure to HIV is minimised.

5.3.6. Section 2(1) and Section 5(1) of the Mine Health and Safety Act, No. 29 of 1996 provides that an employer is required to create, as far as is reasonably practicable, a safe workplace. This may include ensuring that the risk of occupational exposure to HIV is minimised.

5.3.7. An employee who is infected with HIV as a result of an occupational exposure to infected blood or bodily fluids, may apply for benefits in terms of Section 22(1) of the Compensation for Occupational Injuries and Diseases Act, No. 130 of 1993.

5.3.8. In accordance with the Basic Conditions of Employment Act, No. 75 of 1997, every employer is obliged to ensure that all employees receive certain basic standards of employment, including a minimum number of days sick leave [Section 22(2)].

5.3.9. In accordance with Section 24(2)(e) of the Medical Schemes Act, No 131 of 1998, a registered medical aid scheme may not unfairly discriminate directly or indirectly against its members on the basis of their "state of health". Further in terms of s 67(1)(9) regulations may be drafted stipulating that all schemes must offer a minimum level of benefits to their members.

5.3.10. In accordance with both the common law and Section 14 of the Constitution of South Africa Act, No. 108 of 1996, all persons with HIV or AIDS have a right to privacy, including privacy concerning their HIV or AIDS status. Accordingly there is no general legal duty on an employee to disclose his or her HIV status to their employer or to other employees.

6. PROMOTING A NON-DISCRIMINATORY WORK ENVIRONMENT

6.1. No person with HIV or AIDS shall be unfairly discriminated against within the employment relationship or within any employment policies or practices, including with regard to:

    1. recruitment procedures, advertising and selection criteria;

    2. appointments, and the appointment process, including job placement;

    3. job classification or grading;

    4. remuneration, employment benefits and terms and conditions of employment;

    5. employee assistance programmes;

    6. job assignments;

    7. the workplace and facilities;

    8. occupational health and safety;

    9. training and development;

    10. performance evaluation systems;

    11. promotion, transfer and demotion;

    12. disciplinary measures short of dismissal; and

    13. termination of services.

6.2. To promote a non-discriminatory work environment based on the principle of equality, employers and trade unions should adopt appropriate measures to ensure that employees with HIV and AIDS are not unfairly discriminated against and are protected from victimisation through positive measures such as:

(i) preventing unfair discrimination and stigmatisation of people living with HIV or AIDS through the development of HIV/AIDS policies and programmes for the workplace;

(ii) awareness, education and training on the rights of all persons with regard to HIV and AIDS;

(iii) mechanisms to promote acceptance and openness around HIV/AIDS in the workplace;

(iv) providing support for all employees infected or affected by HIV and AIDS; and

(v) grievance procedures and disciplinary measures to deal with HIV-related complaints in the workplace.

7. HIV TESTING, CONFIDENTIALITY AND DISCLOSURE

7.1. HIV Testing

7.1.1.No employer may require an employee, or an applicant for employment, to undertake an HIV test in order to ascertain that employee's HIV status. As provided for in the Employment Equity Act, employers may approach the Labour Court to obtain authorisation for testing.

7.1.2. Whether s 7(2) of the Employment Equity Act prevents an employer-provided health service supplying a test to an employee who requests a test, depends on whether the Labour Courts would accept that an employee can knowingly agree to waive the protection in the section. This issue has not yet been decided by the courts.

7.1.3. In implementing the sections below, it is recommended that parties take note of the position set out in item 7.1.2.

7.1.4. Authorised testing
Employers must approach the Labour Court for authorisation in, amongst others, the following circumstances:

(i) during an application for employment;

(ii) as a condition of employment;

(iii) during procedures related to termination of employment;

(iv) as an eligibility requirement for training or staff development programmes; and

(v) as an access requirement to obtain employee benefits.

7.1.5. Permissable testing

(a) An employer may provide testing to an employee who has requested a test in the following circumstances:

    1. As part of a health care service provided in the workplace;

    2. In the event of an occupational accident carrying a risk of exposure to blood or other body fluids;

    3. For the purposes of applying for compensation following an occupational accident involving a risk of exposure to blood or other body fluids.

(b) Furthermore, such testing may only take place within the following defined conditions:

    1. At the initiative of an employee;

    2. Within a health care worker and employee-patient relationship;

    3. With informed consent and pre- and post-test counselling, as defined by the Department of Health's National Policy on Testing for HIV; and

    4. With strict procedures relating to confidentiality of an employee's HIV status as described in clause 7.2 of this Code.

7.1.6 All testing, including both authorised and permissible testing, should be conducted in accordance with the Department of Health's National Policy on Testing for HIV issued in terms of the National Policy for Health Act, No. 116 of 1990.

7.1.7. Informed consent means that the individual has been provided with information, understands it and based on this has agreed to undertake the HIV test. It implies that the individual understands what the test is, why it is necessary, the benefits, risks, alternatives and any possible social implications of the outcome.

7.1.8. Anonymous, unlinked surveillance or epidemiological HIV testing in the workplace may occur provided it is undertaken in accordance with ethical and legal principles regarding such research. Where such research is done, the information obtained may not be used to unfairly discriminate against individuals or groups of persons. Testing will not be considered anonymous if there is a reasonable possibility that a person's HIV status can be deduced from the results.

7.2. Confidentiality and Disclosure

7.2.1. All persons with HIV or AIDS have the legal right to privacy. An employee is therefore not legally required to disclose his or her HIV status to their employer or to other employees.

7.2.2. Where an employee chooses to voluntarily disclose his or her HIV status to the employer or to other employees, this information may not be disclosed to others without the employee's express written consent. Where written consent is not possible, steps must be taken to confirm that the employee wishes to disclose his or her status.

7.2.3. Mechanisms should be created to encourage openness, acceptance and support for those employers and employees who voluntarily disclose their HIV status within the workplace, including:

(i) encouraging persons openly living with HIV or AIDS to conduct or participate in education, prevention and awareness programmes;

(ii) encouraging the development of support groups for employees living with HIV or AIDS; and

(iii) ensuring that persons who are open about their HIV or AIDS status are not unfairly discriminated against or stigmatised.

8. PROMOTING A SAFE WORKPLACE

  1. An employer is obliged to provide and maintain, as far as is reasonably practicable, a workplace that is safe and without risk to the health of its employees.

  2. The risk of HIV transmission in the workplace is minimal. However occupational accidents involving bodily fluids may occur, particularly in the health care professions. Every workplace should ensure that it complies with the provisions of the Occupational Health and Safety Act, including the Regulations on Hazardous Biological Agents, and the Mine Health and Safety Act, and that its policy deals with, amongst others :

    1. the risk, if any, of occupational transmission within the particular workplace;

    2. appropriate training, awareness, education on the use of universal infection control measures so as to identify, deal with and reduce the risk of HIV transmission in the workplace;

    3. providing appropriate equipment and materials to protect employees from the risk of exposure to HIV;

    4. the steps that must be taken following an occupational accident including the appropriate management of occupational exposure to HIV and other blood borne pathogens, including access to post-exposure prophylaxis;

    5. the procedures to be followed in applying for compensation for occupational infection;

    6. the reporting of all occupational accidents; and

    7. adequate monitoring of occupational exposure to HIV to ensure that the requirements of possible compensation claims are being met.

9. COMPENSATION FOR OCCUPATIONALLY ACQUIRED HIV

9.1. An employee may be compensated if he or she becomes infected with HIV as a result of an occupational accident, in terms of the Compensation for Occupational Injuries and Diseases Act.

9.2. Employers should take reasonable steps to assist employees with the application for benefits including:

(i) providing information to affected employees on the procedures that will need to be followed in order to qualify for a compensation claim; and

(ii) assisting with the collection of information which will assist with proving that the employees were occupationally exposed to HIV infected blood.

9.3. Occupational exposure should be dealt with in terms of the Compensation for Occupational Injuries and Diseases Act. Employers should ensure that they comply with the provisions of this Act and any procedure or guideline issued in terms thereof.

10. EMPLOYEE BENEFITS

10.1. Employees with HIV or AIDS may not be unfairly discriminated against in the allocation of employee benefits.

10.2. Employees who become ill with AIDS should be treated like any other employee with a comparable life threatening illness with regard to access to employee benefits.

10.3. Information from benefit schemes on the medical status of an employee should be kept confidential and should not be used to unfairly discriminate.

10.4. Where an employer offers a medical scheme as part of the employee benefit package it must ensure that this scheme does not unfairly discriminate, directly or indirectly, against any person on the basis of his or her HIV status.

11. DISMISSAL

11.1. Employees with HIV/AIDS may not be dismissed solely on the basis of their HIV/AIDS status.

11.2. Where an employee has become too ill to perform their current work, an employer is obliged to follow accepted guidelines regarding dismissal for incapacity before terminating an employee's services, as set out in the Code of Good Practice on Dismissal contained in Schedule 8 of the Labour Relations Act.

11.3. The employer should ensure that as far as possible, the employee's right to confidentiality regarding his or her HIV status is maintained during any incapacity proceedings. An employee cannot be compelled to undergo an HIV test or to disclose his or her HIV status as part of such proceedings unless the Labour Court authorised such a test.

12. GRIEVANCE PROCEDURES

12.1. Employers should ensure that the rights of employees with regard to HIV/AIDS, and the remedies available to them in the event of a breach of such rights, become integrated into existing grievance procedures.

12.2. Employers should create an awareness and understanding of the grievance procedures and how employees can utilise them.

12.3. Employers should develop special measures to ensure the confidentiality of the complainant during such proceedings, including ensuring that such proceedings are held in private.

13. MANAGEMENT OF HIV IN THE WORKPLACE

13.1. The effective management of HIV/AIDS in the workplace requires an integrated strategy that includes, amongst others, the following elements:

13.1.1. An understanding and assessment of the impact of HIV/AIDS on the workplace; and

13.1.2. Long and short term measures to deal with and reduce this impact, including:

    1. An HIV/AIDS Policy for the workplace

    2. HIV/AIDS Programmes, which would incorporate:

    1. Ongoing sustained prevention of the spread of HIV among employees and their communities;

    2. Management of employees with HIV so that they are able to work productively for as long as possible; and

    3. Strategies to deal with the direct and indirect costs of HIV/AIDS in the workplace.

14. ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF HIV/AIDS ON THE WORKPLACE

14.1. Employers and trade unions should develop appropriate strategies to understand, assess and respond to the impact of HIV/AIDS in their particular workplace and sector. This should be done in cooperation with sectoral, local, provincial and national initiatives by government, civil society and non-governmental organisations.

14.2. Broadly, impact assessments should include:

(i) Risk profiles; and

(ii) Assessment of the direct and indirect costs of HIV/AIDS;

14.3. Risk profiles may include an assessment of the following:

    1. The vulnerability of individual employees or categories of employees to HIV infection;

    2. The nature and operations of the organisation and how these may increase susceptibility to HIV infection (eg migrancy or hostel dwellings);

    3. A profile of the communities from which the organisation draws its employees;

    4. A profile of the communities surrounding the organisation's place of operation; and

    5. An assessment of the impact of HIV/AIDS upon their target markets and client base.

14.4. The assessments should also consider the impact that the HIV/AIDS epidemic may have on:

(i) Direct costs such as costs to employee benefits, medical costs and increased costs related to staff turnover such as training and recruitment costs and the costs of implementing an HIV/AIDS programme;

(ii) Indirect costs such as costs incurred as a result of increased absenteeism, employee morbidity, loss of productivity, a general decline in workplace morale and possible workplace disruption;

14.5. The cost effectiveness of any HIV/AIDS interventions should also be measured as part of an impact assessment

15. MEASURES TO DEAL WITH HIV/AIDS WITHIN THE WORKPLACE

15.1. A Workplace HIV/AIDS Policy

15.1.1. Every workplace should develop an HIV/AIDS policy, in order to ensure that employees affected by HIV/AIDS are not unfairly discriminated against in employment policies and practices. This policy should cover:

(i) the organisation's position on HIV/AIDS;

(ii) an outline of the HIV/AIDS programme;

(iii) details on employment policies (e.g. position regarding HIV testing, employee benefits, performance management and procedures to be followed to determine medical incapacity and dismissal);

(iv) express standards of behaviour expected of employers and employees and appropriate measures to deal with deviations from these standards;

(v) grievance procedures in line with item 12 of this Code;

(vi) set out the means of communication within the organisation on HIV/AIDS issues;

(vii) details of employee assistance available to persons affected by HIV/AIDS;

(viii) details of implementation and coordination responsibilities; and

(ix) monitoring and evaluation mechanisms.

15.1.2. All policies should be developed in consultation with key stakeholders within the workplace including trade unions, employee representatives, occupational health staff and the human resources department.

15.1.3. The policy should reflect the nature and needs of the particular workplace.

15.1.4. Policy development and implementation is a dynamic process, so the workplace policy should be:

(i) communicated to all concerned;

(ii) routinely reviewed in light of epidemiological and scientific information; and

(iii) monitored for its successful implementation and evaluated for its effectiveness.

15.2. Developing Workplace HIV/AIDS Programmes

15.2.1. It is recommended that every workplace works towards developing and implementing a workplace HIV/AIDS programme aimed at preventing new infections, providing care and support for employees who are infected or affected, and managing the impact of the epidemic in the organisation.

15.2.2. The nature and extent of a workplace programme should be guided by the needs and capacity of each individual workplace. However, it is recommended that every workplace programme should attempt to address the following in cooperation with the sectoral, local, provincial and national initiatives:

(i) hold regular HIV/AIDS awareness programmes;

(ii) encourage voluntary testing;

(iii) conduct education and training on HIV/AIDS;

(iv) promote condom distribution and use;

(v) encourage health seeking behaviour for STD's;

(vi) enforce the use of universal infection control measures;

(vii) create an environment that is conducive to openness, disclosure and acceptance amongst all staff;

(viii) endeavour to establish a wellness programme for employees affected by HIV/AIDS;

(ix) provide access to counselling and other forms of social support for people affected by HIV/AIDS;

(x) maximise the performance of affected employees through reasonable accommodation, such as investigations into alternative sick leave allocation;

(xi) develop strategies to address direct and indirect costs associated with HIV/AIDS in the workplace, as outlined under item 14.4

(xii) regularly monitor, evaluate and review the programme.

15.2.3. Employers should take all reasonable steps to assist employees with referrals to appropriate health, welfare and psycho-social facilities within the community, if such services are not provided at the workplace

16. INFORMATION AND EDUCATION

16.1. The Department of Labour should ensure that copies of this code are available and accessible.

16.2. Employers and employer organisations should include the Code in their orientation, education and training programmes of employees.

16.3. Trade unions should include the Code in their education and training programmes of shop stewards and employees.

GLOSSARY

Affected employee: an employee who is affected in any way by HIV/AIDS eg if they have a partner or a family member who is HIV positive.

AIDS: AIDS is the acronym for "acquired immune deficiency syndrome". AIDS is the clinical definition given to the onset of certain life-threatening infections in persons whose immune systems have ceased to function properly as a result of infection with HIV.

Epidemiological: The study of disease patterns, causes, distribution and mechanisms of control in society.

HIV: HIV is the acronym for "human immuno deficiency virus". HIV is a virus which attacks and may ultimately destroy the body's natural immune system.

HIV testing: taking a medical test to determine a person's HIV status. This may include written or verbal questions inquiring about previous HIV tests; questions related to the assessment of 'risk behaviour' (for example questions regarding sexual practices, the number of sexual partners or sexual orientation); and any other indirect methods designed to ascertain an employee's or job applicant's HIV status.

HIV positive: having tested positive for HIV infection.

Infected employee: an employee who has tested positive for HIV or who has been diagnosed as having HIV/AIDS.

Informed consent: a process of obtaining consent from a patient which ensures that the person fully understands the nature and implications of the test before giving his or her agreement to it.

Policy: a document setting out an organisation's position on a particular issue.

Pre and post test counselling: a process of counselling which facilitates an understanding of the nature and purpose of the HIV test. It examines what advantages and disadvantages the test holds for the person and the influence the result, positive or negative, will have on them.

Reasonable Accommodation: means any modification or adjustment to a job or to the workplace that is reasonably practicable and will enable a person living with HIV or AIDS to have access to or participate or advance in employment.

STDs: acronym for "sexually transmitted diseases". These are infections passed from one person to another during sexual intercourse, including syphilis, gonorrhea and HIV.

Surveillance Testing: This is anonymous, unlinked testing which is done in order to determine the incidence and prevalence of disease within a particular community or group to provide information to control, prevent and manage the disease.